学前儿童交通安全教育的价值探析

对学前儿童进行交通安全教育的直接目的是减少交通事故，保护其生命和身体，同时还具有重要的教育价值。基于教育价值的两个方面即教育的个人价值和社会价值，学前儿童交通安全教育的价值主要体现在对学前儿童的发展价值和以学前儿童为中心扩散开来的延伸价值。发展价值是指交通安全教育促进学前儿童的认知、动作、情意等方面的发展。延伸价值是指学前儿童获得的交通安全知识与意识、规则与行为、尊重与利他等对其成为合格的社会公民是一种自然而然的准备，同时在生态系统理论之下以儿童为中心扩散开来的重要他人、社会相关机构和行业等都会发生相应的改变，将最终有利于社会的进步。     

Estimating failure time distribution and its parameters based on intermediate data from a Wiener degradation model

Instead of measuring a Wiener degradation or performance process at predetermined time points to track degradation or performance of a product for estimating its lifetime, we propose to obtain the first‐passage times of the process over certain nonfailure thresholds. Based on only these intermediate data, we obtain the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator and uniformly most accurate confidence interval for the mean lifetime. For estimating the lifetime distribution function, we propose a modified maximum likelihood estimator and a new estimator and prove that, by increasing the sample size of the intermediate data, these estimators and the above‐mentioned estimator of the mean lifetime can achieve the same levels of accuracy as the estimators assuming one has failure times. Thus, our method of using only intermediate data is useful for highly reliable products when their failure times are difficult to obtain. Furthermore, we show that the proposed new estimator of the lifetime distribution function is more accurate than the standard and modified maximum likelihood estimators. We also obtain approximate confidence intervals for the lifetime distribution function and its percentiles. Finally, we use light‐emitting diodes as an example to illustrate our method and demonstrate how to validate the Wiener assumption during the testing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

现代反坦克阵地多层防御服务概率模型及仿真

现代反坦克作战中,为有效防御敌可能采用的大规模装甲目标突袭攻击,确保重点区域的安全,陆军多采用武装直升机、车载式反坦克导弹与便携式反坦克导弹相结合的立体、多层部署的方法进行防御。基于排队论和反坦克作战理论,建立了多层防御反坦克阵地的排队服务模型并给出了参数求取方法,对作战想定的应用结果表明了模型的有效性,为分析反坦克阵地的服务概率和作战效率提供了一种有效的方法。     

La掺杂纳米TiO2光催化降解TNT的动力学

以掺杂La的纳米TiO2作光催化剂，研究了光催化降解TNT的动力学规律，考察了TNT初始质量浓度、催化剂用量、初始pH、通氧速率及光照强度等因素对TNT光催化降解的影响。试验结果表明：在不同初始质量浓度、初始pH、通氧速率、光照强度及催化剂用量为0．3～2．0g／L的条件下，TNT光催化降解反应遵循拟一级动力学规律，且可用Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学模型描述；当催化剂用量为0．1g／L时，该反应可认为是震缀反应．     

远距离干扰下的被动侦察雷达功能仿真

对雷达探测能力的仿真往往是武器系统作战效能仿真中重要的一部分,功能仿真由于其方法简单、使用方便、速度快,比较适合较大对抗系统中对雷达探测能力的仿真。将被动侦察雷达功能进行分解并进行有机地结合,介绍了主要模块的数学模型,通过仿真实验对远距离支援干扰条件下的被动侦察雷达进行功能仿真,结果表明该方法具有较好的结果和较大的灵活性。     

Nonrobustness of the normal approximation of lead‐time demand in a (Q,R) system

For computing an optimal (Q, R) or kindred inventory policy, the current literature provides mixed signals on whether or when it is safe to approximate a nonnormal lead‐time‐demand (“LTD”) distribution by a normal distribution. The first part of this paper examines this literature critically to justify why the issue warrants further investigations, while the second part presents reliable evidence showing that the system‐cost penalty for using the normal approximation can be quite serious even when the LTD‐distribution's coefficient of variation is quite low—contrary to the prevalent view of the literature. We also identify situations that will most likely lead to large system‐cost penalty. Our results indicate that, given today's technology, it is worthwhile to estimate an LTD‐distribution's shape more accurately and to compute optimal inventory policies using statistical distributions that more accurately reflect the LTD‐distributions' actual shapes. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

炮位雷达定位精度的数值模拟

在建立炮位雷达定位弹道模型和空气弹道模型的基础上,设计了一种定量求取雷达定位精度的方法:通过空气弹道模型,获取任意弹道上任意点弹道诸元,然后从任意点弹道诸元中提取所需两点诸元(作为雷达捕获的两点)和飞行时间,再利用雷达定位模型,模拟计算各种定位参数组合情况下的定位精度,得出一些有用的规律性结论,为提高雷达定位精度,扩大其配置范围提供了一种实用可行的方法。     

武警学院创新教育的探索与实践

高等院校作为知识创新的基地和人才培养的摇篮,必须将创新意识和实践能力的培养融入到教育的全过程。武警学院作为一所公安现役高等院校,通过加快课程体系建设和教学内容、教学方法改革,加大实践教学比重,改革考试方法、完善教学评价体系等措施,初步构建起了具有自身特色的创新教育人才培养模式。     

国外火炮定位雷达的现状和发展趋势

主要描述了国外火炮定位雷达的研制现状,对美国研制的Firefinder系列雷达,俄罗斯研制的Zoopark-1雷达,英、法、德等国联合研制的COBRA雷达以及瑞典和挪威联合研制的AR THUR雷达等几种火炮定位雷达的特点、主要技术指标及市场销售情况做了简要的介绍,最后总结了国外火炮定位雷达的最新发展趋势。